Python and Django Expert Learning Roadmap

Phase 1: Python Fundamentals (4-6 weeks)

Week 1-2: Basic Python

  • Syntax and Data Types
    • Variables, numbers, strings, booleans
    • Lists, tuples, dictionaries, sets
    • String formatting and manipulation
    • Input/output operations
  • Control Flow
    • Conditional statements (if/elif/else)
    • Loops (for, while)
    • Break, continue, pass statements
    • List comprehensions
  • Functions
    • Function definition and calling
    • Parameters and arguments
    • Return statements
    • Lambda functions
    • Scope and global/local variables

Week 3-4: Intermediate Python

  • Object-Oriented Programming
    • Classes and objects
    • Instance and class variables
    • Methods and constructors
    • Inheritance and polymorphism
    • Encapsulation and abstraction
  • Error Handling
    • Try/except blocks
    • Exception types
    • Custom exceptions
    • Finally clause
  • File Handling
    • Reading and writing files
    • Working with CSV, JSON
    • File paths and directories

Week 5-6: Advanced Python Concepts

  • Modules and Packages
    • Importing modules
    • Creating custom modules
    • Package structure
    • Virtual environments (pip, venv)
  • Advanced Data Structures
    • Generators and iterators
    • Decorators
    • Context managers
    • Regular expressions
  • Standard Library
    • datetime, collections, itertools
    • os, sys, pathlib
    • json, csv, sqlite3

Phase 2: Web Development Prerequisites (2-3 weeks)

Web Fundamentals

  • HTML5
    • Semantic markup
    • Forms and inputs
    • Accessibility basics
  • CSS3
    • Selectors and properties
    • Flexbox and Grid
    • Responsive design
    • CSS frameworks (Bootstrap/Tailwind)
  • JavaScript Basics
    • DOM manipulation
    • Event handling
    • AJAX and Fetch API
    • ES6+ features
  • HTTP Protocol
    • Request/response cycle
    • HTTP methods (GET, POST, PUT, DELETE)
    • Status codes
    • Headers and cookies

Phase 3: Django Fundamentals (6-8 weeks)

Week 1-2: Django Basics

  • Setup and Project Structure
    • Django installation
    • Project vs App concept
    • Settings configuration
    • URL routing basics
  • Models
    • Model definition
    • Field types and options
    • Database relationships (OneToOne, ForeignKey, ManyToMany)
    • Migrations
    • Django ORM basics
  • Views
    • Function-based views
    • URL patterns and namespacing
    • Request/response objects
    • HTTP shortcuts

Week 3-4: Templates and Forms

  • Django Templates
    • Template syntax and tags
    • Template inheritance
    • Context processors
    • Static files handling
  • Forms
    • Form classes
    • Model forms
    • Form validation
    • CSRF protection
    • File uploads

Week 5-6: Advanced Models and Admin

  • Advanced ORM
    • QuerySets and managers
    • Complex queries and annotations
    • Database transactions
    • Model methods and properties
  • Django Admin
    • Admin site customization
    • Custom admin forms
    • Inline editing
    • Admin actions

Week 7-8: User Management and Security

  • Authentication System
    • User model
    • Login/logout views
    • User registration
    • Password management
  • Authorization
    • Permissions and groups
    • Decorators and mixins
    • Custom permissions
  • Security Best Practices
    • CSRF protection
    • XSS prevention
    • SQL injection prevention
    • Security middleware

Phase 4: Intermediate Django (4-6 weeks)

Week 1-2: Class-Based Views

  • Generic Views
    • ListView, DetailView
    • CreateView, UpdateView, DeleteView
    • FormView and TemplateView
    • View mixins
  • Custom CBVs
    • Method overriding
    • Context manipulation
    • Permission mixins

Week 3-4: Advanced Features

  • Middleware
    • Built-in middleware
    • Custom middleware development
    • Middleware ordering
  • Signals
    • Built-in signals
    • Custom signals
    • Signal handlers
  • Caching
    • Cache framework
    • Template caching
    • Database caching
    • Redis integration

Week 5-6: Testing and Debugging

  • Testing Framework
    • Unit tests
    • Integration tests
    • Test client
    • Fixtures and factories
  • Debugging
    • Django Debug Toolbar
    • Logging configuration
    • Error handling
    • Performance profiling

Phase 5: Advanced Django (6-8 weeks)

Week 1-2: APIs and REST

  • Django REST Framework
    • Serializers
    • ViewSets and routers
    • Authentication and permissions
    • API versioning
  • API Design
    • RESTful principles
    • Pagination
    • Filtering and searching
    • API documentation

Week 3-4: Advanced Database Operations

  • Database Optimization
    • Query optimization
    • Database indexing
    • Connection pooling
    • Read replicas
  • Advanced ORM
    • Raw SQL queries
    • Custom managers
    • Database functions
    • Aggregation and annotation

Week 5-6: Scalability and Performance

  • Asynchronous Django
    • ASGI and async views
    • Channels for WebSockets
    • Background tasks with Celery
  • Performance Optimization
    • Query optimization
    • Template optimization
    • Static file optimization
    • Database connection management

Week 7-8: Advanced Topics

  • Custom Template Tags and Filters
  • Internationalization (i18n)
  • Multi-tenancy
  • Custom Management Commands

Phase 6: Deployment and DevOps (3-4 weeks)

Production Deployment

  • Server Setup
    • Linux server basics
    • Web servers (Nginx, Apache)
    • WSGI servers (Gunicorn, uWSGI)
  • Database Management
    • PostgreSQL setup
    • Database migrations in production
    • Backup strategies
  • Containerization
    • Docker basics
    • Docker Compose
    • Container orchestration basics

CI/CD and Monitoring

  • Version Control
    • Git workflows
    • Code review processes
    • Automated testing
  • Monitoring
    • Application monitoring
    • Error tracking (Sentry)
    • Performance monitoring
    • Log management

Phase 7: Specialized Topics (Ongoing)

Choose Based on Interest/Need

  • E-commerce Development
    • Payment integration
    • Inventory management
    • Order processing
  • Content Management
    • Wagtail CMS
    • Custom CMS development
  • Machine Learning Integration
    • Django + scikit-learn
    • TensorFlow/PyTorch integration
    • Data visualization
  • Microservices Architecture
    • Service decomposition
    • API gateways
    • Inter-service communication

Practical Projects Timeline

Beginner Projects

  1. Personal Blog (Week 4-5 of Django)
  2. Todo Application (Week 6-7 of Django)
  3. Library Management System (Week 8-10 of Django)

Intermediate Projects

  1. E-commerce Site (Month 4-5)
  2. Social Media Platform (Month 5-6)
  3. API-First Application (Month 6-7)

Advanced Projects

  1. Multi-tenant SaaS Application (Month 7-8)
  2. Real-time Chat Application (Month 8-9)
  3. Microservices Project (Month 9-10)

Learning Resources

Books

  • “Python Crash Course” by Eric Matthes
  • “Two Scoops of Django” by Audrey and Daniel Roy Greenfeld
  • “Django for Professionals” by William Vincent
  • “High Performance Django” by Peter Baumgartner

Online Platforms

  • Django Official Documentation
  • Real Python
  • Django Girls Tutorial
  • Python.org tutorials
  • Codecademy Python/Django tracks

Practice Platforms

  • HackerRank (Python)
  • LeetCode (Python problems)
  • Django Rest Framework Tutorial
  • GitHub (open source contributions)

Daily Learning Schedule

Time Commitment: 2-3 hours/day

1 Hour: Theory and concept learning 1 Hour: Hands-on coding practice 30 minutes: Review and documentation reading

Weekly Goals

  • Complete specific roadmap sections
  • Build small practice projects
  • Review and refactor previous code
  • Contribute to open source (advanced phase)

Success Metrics

Beginner Level (Month 1-2)

  • Can build simple Python scripts
  • Understands OOP concepts
  • Comfortable with Django basics

Intermediate Level (Month 3-5)

  • Can build full Django applications
  • Understands REST APIs
  • Comfortable with testing

Advanced Level (Month 6-10)

  • Can architect scalable applications
  • Understands performance optimization
  • Can mentor others

Expert Level (Month 10+)

  • Can design complex systems
  • Contributes to open source
  • Can lead technical teams

Tips for Success

  1. Practice Daily: Consistency is key
  2. Build Projects: Apply concepts immediately
  3. Read Code: Study open source Django projects
  4. Join Communities: Django/Python communities, forums
  5. Document Learning: Keep notes and code examples
  6. Teach Others: Explanation solidifies understanding
  7. Stay Updated: Follow Django releases and Python updates